Canada fleabane, Conyza canadensis
Life Cycle
Annual or winter annual.Propagation
Reproducing only by seed.Stems
Stems, erect, 10-180cm high, hairy, little branched.Leaves
Seedling plant begins as a basal rosette with leaves being soft-hairy and bright green but becoming harsh on older leaves once the plant has bolted. Basal and lower stem leaves narrowly oval, rarely more than 1cm wide, tapering to a slender stalk, with a few, scattered, shallow teeth or without teeth; middle and upper leaves linear, very narrow and usually without teeth.Flowers and Fruit
Flower heads 3-5mm across, very numerous on many short branches near the top of the main stem. Ray florets white but very short and usually concealed by the slightly longer involucral bracts around each flower head; disk florets yellowish; very fluffy at maturity. The leaves and other parts of the plant when crushed have a faint but distinctive odour reminiscent of carrots. Flowers from July to late autumn.Habitat
Canada fleabane occurs throughout Ontario in grainfields, pastures, waste places, roadsides and gardens.Distinguishing Features
It is distinguished by its numerous, narrow, mostly toothless bright green leaves gradually decreasing in size from base to top of plant, its numerous, small, yellow-green flower heads lacking conspicuous ray florets, its odour suggestive of carrots, and its fluffy appearance when mature.Herbicide Resistance
In Ontario fleabane populations resistant to group 22 herbicides (i.e. Parquat) exist in Essex county. There have been no known cases of glyphosate (i.e. Roundup brand) resistance in Ontario, however the following American States have confirmed glyphosate resistant Canada fleabane populations:2000 - USA (Delaware)
2001 - USA (Kentucky)
2001 - USA (Tennessee)
2002 - USA (Indiana)
2002 - USA (Maryland)
2002 - USA (Missouri)
2002 - USA (New Jersey)
2002 - USA (Ohio)
2003 - USA (Arkansas)
2003 - USA (Mississippi)
2003 - USA (North Carolina)
2003 - USA (Ohio)
2003 - USA (Pennsylvania)
2005 - USA (California)
2005 - USA (Illinois)
2005 - USA (Kansas)
2007 - USA (Michigan)
Source: www.weedscience.org Click here
Media Items
Figure 1: A. Base of plant B. Top of flowering stem Top
Figure 2: Top
Figure 3: Top
Figure 4: Top
Figure 5: Top
Figure 6: Top
Figure 7: Top
Figure 8: Top
Figure 9: Top

